The vessel or RV has a DC (direct current), battery-based power system to supply all major vessel loads, which may include engine starting, anchor windlass, pumps, lighting, electronics, communications, navigation equipment, refrigeration, desalination and entertainment systems.

Energy to power these systems is stored in a battery bank, which means that the DC system is capable of providing power at any time without the need to run an engine. However the power has to come from somewhere which is why it is necessary to have a battery charging system.
Battery System
The battery capacity is generally sized so that on a 24-hour basis, the typical discharge from the battery bank will not cause the batteries to be less than a 50% charge level. Deeper discharges are possible, however the battery life span will be shortened. It is interesting to note that battery life span may also be shortened by too-frequent shallow discharge cycles. Optimum performance is reached when the batteries are recharged after taking 40% of their capacity.
Charging System
Devices that can charge the battery bank include:
- an engine driven alternator
- AC battery charger or inverter charger
- solar panels with regulator
- a wind generator
- a water generator
Steps that can be taken for a reduction in engine run time include:
- reducing power consumption by selecting energy efficient appliances
- employing renewable energy charging devices - solar panels and wind generation
- having faster charging from the engine - large alternator, smart alternator regulation and batteries with a high charge acceptance rate
With the right design and product selection, an engine-driven power source might only need to run for one hour each day - or significantly less if sufficient solar and/or wind power is available. A quality battery charging solution may be as simple as the right type of AC battery charger or may employ a combination of devices depending on the operation requirements of the vessel.